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The Avignon Exile
During the Avignon Exile period, the seat of the Papacy was moved from Rome to Avignon. Avignon is a small provincial town next to the Rhone River in France. The Avignon exile took place between the years 1309 and 1378. Therefore, the Avignon papacy/ Exile is the name given to this period in the Roman Catholic Church's history, and it lasted between 1309 and 1378 during which the papacy operated from Avignon, France and not from Rome, Italy as it had traditionally since the first century AD.
By Vatican.com
5/22/2018